$ 2.5 billion invested in the program MSL (Mars Science Laboratory) includes the composition of the soil "Kioriusiti" and very high expectations of it. Its ability to collect smart board and analyze information on the composition of the soil and the environment smart board of Mars are like a geologist carries an entire smart board lab. In addition, the engineering capability that allows smart board a complex task that is unprecedented, and brings us a significant step closer to manned expedition to the Red Planet. smart board Before I add more words, please Watch the video showing the unprecedented challenge of Hkioriusiti landing on Mars. This is by far the best technical video NASA released to the public so far: Okay, so do not just land on Mars, but have done it quite a few times, right? Then what exactly the story here? Now, to clarify smart board the level of challenge can explore the fascinating history of missions to Mars. it here, beyond the fold. opening shot at the space race began - one in October 1957 when the "Sputnik-1", the first artificial satellite was successfully launched into orbit. within a few years achieved tremendous technological leap are rocketry and technology and space science, fueled by political means powerful of the Cold War. often remember the first man was launched into space by the Soviets in April 1961. months later sent Americans also a man into space (underwater flight - orbital smart board only, by the way.) what few mention smart board is still before the flight's famous Yuri Gagarin, enough Russians to photograph the far side of the moon and even land on it (the term more accurately be "hurt him"), and to send two spacecraft to Mars and two Venus (attempts resulted in three failures to launch and spacecraft lost one). despite failures launchers , the very design and manufacturing of spacecraft to other planets is an achievement in itself, the Americans were not even close to it. hurdles race
Americans were the first who managed to pass the Mars and take pictures with robotic spacecraft Mariner -4 at the end of 1964, after six years earlier failed launch of Mariner -3 due to launcher failure to open canopy. Meanwhile, the Soviets managed to launch three more spacecraft than the two already mentioned, Mbinan two failed to leave Earth orbit and one space after the lost radio contact stopped due to a fault. First image of Mars (Mariner photo -4) race continued. The Soviets sent the Zonda -2 days after the Mariner-4, and this time her track was pretty smart board near perfect transition Mars ... but the media stopped before the picture was taken. For several years Mars orbiter launched, mainly because the powers smart board focused on launching military satellites, manned programs, research programs Moon, and many, many attempts to reach Venus. A lot of attempts and a lot of failures. In early 1969 the U.S. launched smart board the Mariner 6 and 7 by a margin of three days to Mars. Surprisingly, the Soviet Union launched the same time two of their own ships same destination. There were differences between the two tasks: one is the test result, the Americans produced about 200 photographs of the different smart board areas of the two spacecraft smart board on Mars, while the two Soviet spacecraft failed to launch. The second is that while the Americans sent two spaceships to Mars next move (Flyby), the Soviets built spacecraft is designed to remain in orbit around the Red Planet. Proximity to the launch is not accidental, since it is influenced by the geometric position of Mars and the Earth, comes to best launchers only very specific times. Achievements against innovation Two years later, in May 1971, it appears that the effort reaches a peak, as Christians Achievements: First you will hear a familiar - Americans Glue the gap and sending the Mariners -8, which is comprehensive (Orbiter) Mars orbit, but the launch failed ... Two days later, smart board the Soviets launch Kosmos -419, this time - Please note - Lander (Lander) ... who can not leave the Earth's orbit and burned at the entrance back into the atmosphere. I can not imagine how able to continue after so many failures ... But when political leverage so there is a budget and motivation. That same month, the Soviet Union launches Mars -2 and 3, which include comprehensive identity spacecraft and lander each, and the Americans launch the orbiter Mariner -9. Hmkfot March -2 and 3 have provided non-these images, but interceptions did not work as planned: -2 Mars Lander was burned smart board at the entrance into the atmosphere of Mars and Mars -3 landed, but the connection with it offline after less than - 20 seconds on the ground. She managed to convey an image that can not be truncated to draw it up. Worth mentioning two interceptions contained robotic arm and a small car that could get away about 15 meters lander, while interceptions were successful work (actually smart board it was the first rover on Mars). Mariner -9, however, was a huge success and produced thousands of pictures almost full mapping of Mars. Enormous mall famous Mars Waltz Marinris, covering over 4,000 miles, is named after her. Knockout summer of 1973 the Soviet Union launched four (!) Spacecraft: March 4 and 5 were identical orbiters, missed the first and second planet and even managed to survive several days in orbit around it. March 6 and 7 were landers crashed first and second landing attempt missed the Mars and lost in space. Maybe you noticed that Mars does not get along well with Soviet-made spacecraft. It is interesting that on Venus are determined to unprecedented highs. In the summer of 1975 the United States sent two Viking spacecraft were from Makefet complex and Lander, both succeeded above and beyond the task of planning the mission. They survived several years, especially the Viking orbiter-2, which broadcast over 50,000 photographs of the Martian terrain. Interceptions themselves were large and elaborate the same period, and included laboratory analysis of materials and spoon collecting soil samples. smart board Self photography -2 Viking on Mars in choosing the landing area of the Viking, feared landing on a slope, or in an area with rocks, smart board or anywhere that is not completely flat, so inflicted interceptions sites "boring" geologically. Although smart board more important lander will survive, but it was clear that must lander capable of movement. Technological progress