Joseph - Jerome Leland (Joseph Jerome Lalande) (1732-1807). Astronomer and philosopher in the tradi

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In 1792, a delegation led by two French scientists, Delambre and loads, measure the earth and on this basis to establish unit converter the meter - which was supposed to be one million parts of the distance between the equator to pole.
They hoped that now serve as the basis for measuring earth where measurements determined arbitrarily by the rulers of every village and district. While they turn one north along the meridian the French, and the other to the south, they could not imagine with these obstacles and dangers will face. Leaving Paris, but a step away from Delambre and the guillotine, while loads, unit converter trapped behind enemy lines in the war against Spain, he found himself in prison. Seven years passed before they returned to Paris as heroes.
Ken Alder, a Ph.D. in physics and history from Harvard University, is the author of books dealing with the integration of technology, unit converter history and economics. This book won him the 1998 Dexter Prize for best book on the history of technology. unit converter
Jean - Baptiste - Joseph Delambre (Jean-Baptiste-Joseph-Delambre) (1749-1822). Astronomer who headed the delegation of the northern section of longitude unit converter (meridian) at -1792-1799. Delambre ended his career Permanent Secretary of the Academy of Science in Paris.
Pierre - Francois - Andre loads (Pierre-Francois-Andr? Mechain) (1744-1804). Astronomer who headed the delegation of the southern section unit converter of longitude at -1792-1799, with his assistant, Jean Cartographic Engineer - Joseph Trnso ((Jean-Joseph Tranchot. Loads carried unit converter Barb - Therese Mrz'o (Barbe-Therese Marjou) in -1777; oldest son Jerome - Isaac (Jerome-Isaac) was a member of Napoleon's expedition to Egypt, and their young son Augustin (Augustin) helped Lmshan second unit converter trip to Spain, which did not return.
Joseph - Jerome Leland (Joseph Jerome Lalande) (1732-1807). Astronomer and philosopher in the tradition of the Enlightenment. He was an ardent atheist, a friend of Voltaire, "the renowned astronomer unit converter in the universe," by definition is, and the teacher of Delambre and loads.
Jean - Dominique de Cassini (Jean-Dominique de Cassini), known Cassino IV (1748-1845). The fourth dynasty of Directors of the Paris Observatory royal era before the revolution (Ancien R? Gime). Appointed head of the delegation of longitude, but resigned in protest of the revolution.
Marie - Jean - Antoine - Nicolas de Condorcet Shea (Marie-Jean-Antoine-Nicolas de Condorcet Caritat) unit converter (1743-1794). Biggest optimist in the history unit converter of human progress. Served as permanent secretary of the Academy of Sciences royal era. Searching for an enthusiastic revolutionary unit converter political advantages and egalitarian nature of the metric system. In 1794 committed unit converter suicide not to be executed by the revolutionary regime.
Pierre - Simon Laplace (Pierre-Simon Laplace) (1749-1827). Great mathematical unit converter physicists of his generation. The most important book, the system of the world, concludes the summit Newtonian physics unit converter in the eighteenth century - old. Crucial component of the Laplace theory about the shape of the earth. He was a leading advocate of the metric system.
Antoine Laurent Lavoisier (Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier) (1743-1794). unit converter One of the main founders of modern chemistry and, thanks royal tax collector unit converter office, also one of the richest men in France the royal era. Although welcomed the Revolution and served as an important advocate of reform undercover metric, was executed in 1794 for his role in tax collection authority of a royal era.
Claude - Antoine Ferrier - Dibrnoah (Claude-Antoine Prieur-Duvernois), known Ferreira de la Cote d'Or - (1763-1832). Junior military engineer who became one of France's new overlords and a member of the public peace. Was a major force striving for the adoption of the metric system. unit converter
In June 1792, the dying days of the French monarchy, while the world is beginning to form around the new promise of equality a revolutionary, have two opposite directions astronomers an unusual mission. Jean - Baptiste - Joseph Delambre, cosmopolitan scholar, went from Paris to the north, while Pierre - Francois - Andre loads warned and conscientious went south.
Each beer wagon was manufactured on order, with the most advanced scientific equipment for the period, and with a skilled assistant. Their mission was to measure the world, or at least from the longitudinal unit converter section begins Dunkirk, passing Paris outskirts of Barcelona. Their hope was that all peoples of the world will use here on Earth as a criterion in common. Their task was to establish the new standards, Umbrellas ", determined as ten million parts distance from the North Pole to the equator.
Meter will be eternal because be taken from Earth, which is eternal. Meter will belong equally to all nations of the world, unit converter just as the earth belongs equally to all of them. As a fellow revolutionary Condorcet, founder of Social Science Mathematical and great optimist history, the metric system will be "all peoples, for all time."
We often hear that science is a revolutionary force that forces new radical ideas about human history, but science also emerges from human history and reshaping simple actions, some routine so that we do not pay attention to them. Measurement is one of our simplest actions. We speak her language every time we perform accurate exchange of objects and information. unit converter But the prevalence of this everyday makes measurement invisible. To agreed standards fulfill their intended purpose, they act as